Solar energy system can be included in traditional and modern homes to power electric systems and appliances. PV solar cell modules can be on your roof and if there is less space they can be mounted on south facing wall or roof. Today, solar lighting system is lighting parking lots, bus shelters, and rural areas. Let’s understand how solar power works and get to learn some basic things, before installing.
Sunrays can be transformed directly to electricity using the solar cells. Solar panels installed on the roof get hit with sunlight particles (photons). These photons are converted into electrons of DC (Direct current) by solar panels.
These electrons flow from the solar panels into an inverter as well as other electrical safety appliance. Inverter converts this DC power into AC (Alternating current), which is used in every household to power all the appliances like TV, computer, washing machine, toaster, oven and more.
Net energy meter is used to record all the energy produced by the solar panels. Excess solar energy produced is fed to the grid via net meter. When your system generates less or no electricity due to cloudy days then you can use electricity from the utility-grid. The bill for your net electricity consumption will be credited and carried forward for one year.
Solar or PV cells
Photovoltaic cells are small, thin film layers produced from silicon and conductive materials. When sunrays strike these PV cells, chemical reaction takes place and electrons get released, which generate electricity.
Components of solar PV system
- PV panels, which include group of solar cells
- One or two batteries
- Charge regulator for standalone system
- Inverter for conversion of DC into AC
- Wiring
- Framework or mounting hardware
- Special tracking devices for pursuing sunlight all day and enhance system efficiency
Solar PV system installation and maintenance
Installation of a solar panel system is intricate and has to be conducted on roof tops. Therefore it is sensible to take help from solar panel installers, who are experienced. Even though PV system has few moving parts little maintenance is necessary. Basic model with no moving parts can last for three decades with little maintenance.
Solar panels are designed to withstand outdoor elements. To extend its longevity and performance make sure to hire professionals to clean it twice a year.
Sunlight needs for solar system
An unobstructed access of sunlight all day is necessary for effective performance of the PV system. Shade can decrease energy output significantly. Snow cover melts fast because the system is positioned directly in sunlight.
Solar PV System Size
Solar system size will rely on several factors –
- How much electricity is needed?
- Roof size
- Budget
- How much energy you desire the panel to generate?
To determine the kind of system that suits your needs constant a professional solar panel installer or use online calculator and find out, which system size will provide best financial payback.